The purpose of this study is to investigate the gut microbiota in patients with critical chronic diseases such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, primary aldosteronism, epilepsy, chronic kidney disease, and subclinical hypothyroidism. This study examines the microbiome signatures linked to these conditions.

This study evaluates the differences and similarities in microbiome signatures across different regions and diseases. It also explores the impact of these microbiome signatures on diagnostic models.

• Who can participate: Adults aged 18 to 75 years who have been living in the province where the hospital is located for the last three years and have a medical diagnosis of one of the target diseases can participate. Participants must be willing to provide written informed consent.
• Study details: Participants will provide samples such as feces, saliva, urine, and blood. They will also share information about their demography, body measurements, lifestyle, diet, medication, and biochemistry. A placebo is not used in this study.