The SAFE study is a research project for people with sickle cell anemia (SCA), a blood disease that affects red blood cells. The study explores how a medicine called hydroxyurea impacts growth, puberty, and the ability to have children. Hydroxyurea helps by increasing a special hemoglobin that prevents sickle cell problems. It’s especially vital in areas lacking safe blood transfusions.

Researchers will compare people taking hydroxyurea to those who aren't, focusing on how it affects pregnancy outcomes. The study will take place over several years, with participants visiting the clinic every few months for check-ups and tests. Girls who have started their periods will take pregnancy tests every six months, and boys may provide a semen sample. Participants will also answer questions about their health and fertility.

• The study is long-term, requiring regular clinic visits every few months.
• Participants must be at least 8 years old and have sickle cell anemia.
• Participants in other treatment studies (except EXTEND or SACRED) are not eligible.